Understanding Chlamydia
Chlamydia is one of the most widespread sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It spreads through unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex and can persist without symptoms, making regular testing essential.
If left untreated, chlamydia can lead to infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and other serious health issues. The good news is that it is easily treatable with antibiotics when diagnosed early.
Common Causes & Risk Factors of Chlamydia
Chlamydia spreads through sexual contact with an infected person. Risk factors include:
- Unprotected sex (without condoms or dental dams).
- Multiple sexual partners or a new partner without recent STI testing.
- Previous chlamydia infection, as reinfection is common.
- Sharing uncleaned sex toys.
- Mother-to-child transmission during childbirth, which can cause eye infections or pneumonia in newborns.
Symptomer & genkendelse
Chlamydia is often called a “silent infection” because many people experience no symptoms. When symptoms appear, they typically develop 1 to 3 weeks after exposure.
Symptoms vary between men and women:
In Women:
- Unusual vaginal discharge (yellow, thick, or strong-smelling).
- Pain or burning during urination.
- Pain during sex or lower abdominal pain.
- Bleeding between periods or after intercourse.
In Men:
- Clear or white discharge from the penis.
- Burning sensation during urination.
- Pain or swelling in the testicles.
Rectal Chlamydia:
- Anal pain, discharge, or bleeding.
Since chlamydia symptoms can be mild or mistaken for other infections, regular STI screening is the best way to confirm an infection.
How Is Chlamydia Diagnosed?
Chlamydia is diagnosed through simple and reliable tests, including:
- Urine tests – A sample is analyzed for bacterial presence.
- Swab tests – Used for throat, rectal, or vaginal infections.
- Home test kits – Discreet, at-home testing options are available for convenience.
Best Treatment Options for Chlamydia
Chlamydia is curable with antibiotics. The most common treatments include:
Recommended Regimen:
- Doxycycline: First-line drug in adults for treatment of Chlamydia taken for 7 days.
Alternate Regimens:
- Azithromycin or Levofloxacin/Ofloxacin: Alternative drugs for the treatment of Chlamydia.
- Erythromycin: Alternate drug in pregnancy.
During treatment, it is important to:
- Avoid sexual activity until treatment is complete and symptoms disappear.
- Ensure your partner(s) receive treatment to prevent reinfection.
- Follow up with STI testing if symptoms persist.
