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Dermatologie et santé intime

Rosacée

Rosacea is a chronic skin condition causing redness, visible blood vessels, and breakouts. Learn causes & treatments.

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Dr J. Vázquez

Dr J. Vázquez

Médecin généraliste | REG : 282889782

Examiné le :

Dr Josefina Vázquez est une médecin expérimentée avec plus de trois ans en médecine d'urgence, réanimation et transport spécialisé.

Rosacea

What Is Rosacea & Why Does It Occur?

Rosacea is a long-term inflammatory skin condition that primarily affects the face, leading to redness, visible blood vessels, and acne-like breakouts. It is most common in fair-skinned individuals aged 30-50, though anyone can develop it. The exact cause is unknown, but genetics, environmental factors, and an overactive immune response play a role.

Common Triggers for Rosacea Flare-Ups:

  • Sun exposure – UV rays can inflame sensitive skin.
  • Hot or spicy foods – These can dilate blood vessels and worsen redness.
  • Alcohol and caffeine – Both can trigger flushing and inflammation.
  • Extreme temperatures – Heat, cold, and wind can aggravate symptoms.
  • Stress and emotions – High stress can lead to flare-ups.
  • Harsh skincare products – Fragrances, exfoliants, and alcohol-based products can irritate rosacea-prone skin.

Rosacea is not contagious, but it can worsen without proper treatment. Early intervention helps prevent long-term skin damage and discomfort.

Who Needs Rosacea Treatment?

Rosacea treatment is essential for individuals who:

  • Experience persistent facial redness and visible blood vessels.
  • Have frequent flushing or heat sensations in the skin.
  • Develop small red bumps or acne-like breakouts.
  • Struggle with burning, stinging, or irritation.
  • Notice thickened skin, especially on the nose (rhinophyma).

Types of Rosacea & Their Symptoms

Rosacea manifests in different forms, each with distinct characteristics:

  • Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea (ETR): Persistent facial redness and visible blood vessels.
  • Papulopustular Rosacea: Acne-like breakouts with inflammation.
  • Phymatous Rosacea: Skin thickening, commonly affecting the nose.
  • Ocular Rosacea: Irritated, red, and watery eyes, often with swollen eyelids.

Best Ways to Treat Rosacea

Rosacea is managed through topical treatments, oral medications, and skincare adjustments to reduce symptoms and prevent flare-ups.

Topical Treatments for Mild to Moderate Rosacea:
  • Azelaic acid: Reduces redness and inflammation (Finacea, Skinoren).
  • Metronidazole-based gels: Helps control bacterial inflammation (Metrogel, Rozex, Rosiced).
  • Ivermectine cream: Targets both skin inflammation and mites linked to rosacea (Soolantra).
  • Brimonidine gel: Reduces facial redness by constricting blood vessels (Mirvaso) but can cause rebound redness/flushing in some.
Oral Medications for Severe Rosacea:
  • Antibiotics: Specifically to reduce inflammation, it also targets bacterial growth (Doxycycline, Minocycline (Minocin), Tetracycline, Tetralysal).
  • Low-dose doxycycline (Oraycea, Efracea): Helps with long-term control of rosacea flare-ups.
Laser & Light Therapy:
  • Intense Pulsed Light (IPL): Helps reduce redness and visible blood vessels.
  • Laser Therapy: Targets and minimizes enlarged blood vessels.

Skincare & Lifestyle Adjustments for Managing Rosacea

  • Use gentle, fragrance-free cleansers to avoid irritation.
  • Apply sunscreen daily (SPF 30+) to protect against sun-triggered flare-ups.
  • Moisturize regularly to strengthen the skin barrier.
  • Avoid hot showers and saunas that worsen redness.
  • Identify and limit triggers such as spicy foods, alcohol, and extreme weather.
  • Manage stress through mindfulness, yoga, or relaxation exercises.

Skincare & Lifestyle Adjustments for Managing Rosacea

  • Use gentle, fragrance-free cleansers to avoid irritation.
  • Apply sunscreen daily (SPF 30+) to protect against sun-triggered flare-ups.
  • Moisturize regularly to strengthen the skin barrier.
  • Avoid hot showers and saunas that worsen redness.
  • Identify and limit triggers such as spicy foods, alcohol, and extreme weather.
  • Manage stress through mindfulness, yoga, or relaxation exercises.

How to Prevent Rosacea Flare-Ups

Although rosacea is chronic, preventive measures can help minimize outbreaks:

  • Monitor triggers and avoid known irritants.
  • Maintain a healthy diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods.
  • Use prescribed treatments consistently to prevent flare-ups.
  • Choose skincare products labeled ‘rosacea-friendly’ or designed for sensitive skin.
  • Stay hydrated to improve skin resilience.

A well-managed rosacea treatment plan can:

  • Reduce facial redness and irritation.
  • Minimize breakouts and inflammation.
  • Prevent long-term skin damage and thickening.
  • Improve self-confidence and comfort.
  • Enhance overall skin health and resilience.

Les éléments importants à prendre en compte sont les suivants :

  • Rosacea is a chronic condition, but symptoms can be controlled with treatment.
  • Early intervention helps prevent worsening symptoms such as skin thickening.
  • Long-term use of prescribed medications may be needed for maintenance.
  • Proper skincare and lifestyle adjustments are key to managing rosacea effectively.
  • If left untreated, rosacea can lead to eye complications (ocular rosacea) requiring medical care.

Questions fréquentes

Réponses aux questions les plus fréquentes sur le Rosacea

Mild cases respond to topical treatments like azelaic acid (Finacea, Skinoren) or metronidazole (Rozex, Metrogel), while more severe cases may need oral antibiotics (Doxycycline, Minocycline, Oraycea).
No, rosacea is chronic, but symptoms can be managed effectively with proper treatment and lifestyle changes.
Yes, alcohol, spicy foods, caffeine, and processed foods may trigger flare-ups. Anti-inflammatory diets may help.
Yes, rosacea has been associated with gut health issues in some studies, migraines, and autoimmune conditions.
Results vary, but most people see improvements within a few weeks to months with consistent treatment.

Sources scientifiques