What Is Psoriasis & Why Does It Occur?
Psoriasis is a long-term autoimmune condition that causes rapid skin cell turnover, leading to inflamed, scaly, and sometimes painful patches of skin. It is not contagious but can be genetically inherited. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, triggering inflammation and excessive skin cell production.
Common Triggers for Psoriasis Flare-Ups:
- Stress: Emotional or physical stress can trigger outbreaks.
- Infections: Illnesses like strep throat can worsen symptoms.
- Cold & Dry Weather: Harsh climates can cause increased skin dryness.
- Skin Injuries: Cuts, burns, or even tattoos may trigger flare-ups.
- Medications: Certain drugs, like beta-blockers or NSAIDs, may worsen psoriasis.
- Smoking & Alcohol: Both have been linked to more severe cases of psoriasis.
- Hormonal Changes: Shifts in hormone levels—especially in women—can influence flare-ups.
- Diet: Some people find that specific foods trigger symptoms.
- Obesity: Excess weight may worsen psoriasis due to chronic inflammation in the body.
Who Needs Psoriasis Treatment?
Psoriasis treatment is essential for individuals who:
- Experience persistent, scaly, and inflamed skin patches.
- Suffer from itching, burning, or discomfort in affected areas.
- Notice thickened or ridged nails, a sign of nail psoriasis.
- Have joint pain and swelling (psoriatic arthritis).
- Struggle with frequent flare-ups affecting daily life.
Types of Psoriasis & Their Symptoms
There are several types of psoriasis, each with unique characteristics:
- Plaque Psoriasis (Psoriasis Vulgaris): The most common type, causing thick, red patches with silvery scales.
- Guttate Psoriasis: Small, drop-shaped lesions, often triggered by infections.
- Inverse Psoriasis: Red, shiny patches occurring in skin folds, such as under the breasts or armpits.
- Pustular Psoriasis: White pustules surrounded by red, inflamed skin, which can be painful.
- Erythrodermic Psoriasis: A rare but severe form causing widespread redness and peeling, requiring immediate medical attention.
Best Ways to Treat Psoriasis
Psoriasis can be managed through topical treatments, systemic medications, and lifestyle adjustments to reduce inflammation and prevent flare-ups.
Topical Corticosteroids for Mild to Moderate Psoriasis:
- Mild steroids: Used for sensitive areas like the face or skin folds (Betamethasone, Betnesol).
- Moderate to strong steroids: Effective for stubborn plaques (Elocom, Diprosone, Betnovate).
- Very strong steroids: Reserved for severe cases or thick plaques (Clobetasol, Dermovate, Clobex).
Vitamin D Analogues & Non-Steroidal Creams:
- Dovonex (Calcipotriol): Helps slow excessive skin cell growth.
- Dovobet A combination of calcipotriol and betamethasone, reducing inflammation and plaque formation.
Phototherapy & Systemic Treatments:
- UVB Light Therapy: Reduces symptoms by slowing skin cell turnover.
- Biologic Injections: Target immune system pathways to control psoriasis.
- Oral Medications: In severe cases, drugs like methotrexate or cyclosporine may be prescribed.
Lifestyle & Home Remedies for Managing Psoriasis
- Moisturize Daily: Helps prevent dryness and flaking.
- Avoid Harsh Soaps & Fragrances: Can irritate sensitive skin.
- Take Oatmeal Baths: Soothes itching and inflammation.
- Follow an Anti-Inflammatory Diet: Reduce processed foods and increase omega-3 intake.
- Stay Active: Regular moderate exercise, like walking or swimming, helps reduce systemic inflammation and supports overall health.
- Manage Stress: Meditation, yoga, and breathing exercises can prevent flare-ups.
- Limit Alcohol & Stop Smoking: Both can trigger more severe psoriasis symptoms.
How to Prevent Psoriasis Flare-Ups
Although psoriasis is chronic, preventive strategies can help manage outbreaks:
- Identify Triggers such as stress, diet, or medication use.
- Stay Hydrated to improve skin elasticity.
- Use Prescribed Treatments Regularly even when symptoms improve.
- Get Enough Sun Exposure in moderation to help with inflammation.
- Maintain a Healthy Weight to reduce stress on the joints and skin.
